漢德百科全書 | 汉德百科全书
Financial
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Companies
Schutzzoll/Schutzzölle/protective tariff/protecting duty
保护关税是指以保护国内产业为目的而征收的关税。主要对征收进口税而言，通过对外国商品进口征税，提高其成本，削弱其在国内市场上的竞争能力，从而保护国内市场，促进国内产业的发展。 保护关税作用的大小与税率高低密切相关。税率越高、税额越大，保护作用越大；税率越低；税额越小，保护作用越小。但税率不宜过高，过高时等于禁止进口，完全关闭国内市场，完全排除外来竞争，不仅容易引起有关出口国的关税报复，也不利于建立有效率的国内产业。同时，税率过低，又等于完全开放市场，从而使国内产业得不到应有的保护。因此，税率高低必须适当，既不杜绝进口，又能限制大量进口；既能引进市场竞争机制，又不使国内产业处于不利的地位。
Bulgarische Nationalbank/Българска народна банка/Balgarska Narodna Banka
Education and Research
