漢德百科全書 | 汉德百科全书

       
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Catalog Military, defense and equipment

§***World military power§***Important peace conferences in world history§*Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons§Anti-submarine missile§Anti-tank missile§Anti Radar Missile/Anti Radiation Missile§Anti satellite missile§Anti-aircraft missile§Glide bomb§Intercontinental ballistic missile§Short-range missile§Air-to-Surface Missile§Air-to-Air Missile§Cruise missile§Medium range missile§Gun-launched missiles§Anti-ship missile§Long-range ballistic missile***Military intelligence***Military journal*Steam frigate*Historical aircraft carriers*Historical cruisers*Historical military aircraft*Historical tanks*Historical battleships*Historical trainer aircraft*Historical sea reconnaissance aircraft*Historical Destroyers*Wars and battles*Ship of the line*Military academy*Strategy|EventsAmphibious command shipAmphibious Transport DockAmphibious aircraftNuclear submarineNuclear WeaponBallistic Missile Defense SystemFamous aerobatic teamEMALS|AAGDirected-energy weaponFirearmAircraft propulsionAircraft carrierFrigate/CorvetteSpeed of the shipGlass CockpitHospital shipIdentification Friend or Foe,IFFInfrared targeting systemIT troopCombat helicopterCombat systemCavalryCruiserLittoral Combat ShipLogistic transportAerial refuelingHovercraft DropshipMan Portable Air Defense SystemMilitary vehicleMilitary aircraftMilitary maneuvers and military competitionAmmunitionNight combat equipmentNavigation Satellite SystemTankRadarRocket launcherShip propulsionShip artilleryMaritime Reconnaissance AircraftSea mineSelf-propelled artillerySonarSporting weaponsStrategic bomberTacticsDecoy systemTorpedoTransport planeSubmarine Unmanned aircraftOffshore supply vesselVertical Launching SystemWater bombDestroyer
Seeschlacht bei Vigo/Battle of Vigo Bay 1702

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Vicksburg CG-69
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Vickers 6-ton
United Kingdom 1928
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Vickers Vimy
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Vella Gulf CG-72
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Admiral Vinogradov 572

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Visby K31
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Westland Lynx
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Bergepanzer DCL/Char de Dépannage DNG/DCL
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Zweite Wiener Osmanenbelagerung
1683年土耳其对维也纳的第二次围攻或奥斯曼帝国 对维也纳的第二次围攻与1529年的第一次 围攻一样,都是奥斯曼帝国攻占维也纳的一次失败尝试。围城战从 7 月 14 日持续到 9 月 12 日,波兰国王约翰三世-索比斯基指挥的救援军在卡伦堡战役中迫使大维 齐尔 卡拉-穆斯塔法-帕夏的奥斯曼军队撤退。

Die Zweite Wiener Türkenbelagerung oder Zweite Wiener Osmanenbelagerung[5][6] im Jahr 1683 war – wie die erste von 1529 – ein erfolgloser Versuch des Osmanischen ReichsWien einzunehmen. Sie dauerte vom 14. Juli bis zum 12. September, als ein von Polens König Johann III. Sobieski befehligtes Entsatzheer die osmanische Armee des Großwesirs Kara Mustafa Pascha in der Schlacht am Kahlenberg zum Rückzug zwang.

Unter dem Stadtkommandanten Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg wurde Wien, damals Residenzstadt des römisch-deutschen Kaisers, zwei Monate lang gegen ein rund 120.000 Mann starkes Belagerungsheer verteidigt. Zum Entsatz der Stadt verbündeten sich erstmals Truppen des Heiligen Römischen Reiches mit solchen aus Polen-Litauen. Weitere Unterstützung leisteten die Republik Venedig und der Kirchenstaat.

1683年土耳其对维也纳的第二次围攻奥斯曼帝国 对维也纳的第二次围攻[5][6]1529年的第一次 围攻一样,都是奥斯曼帝国攻占维也纳的一次失败尝试。围城战从 7 月 14 日持续到 9 月 12 日,波兰国王约翰三世-索比斯基指挥的救援军卡伦堡战役中迫使大维 齐尔 卡拉-穆斯塔法-帕夏奥斯曼军队撤退。

在城市指挥官恩斯特-吕迪格尔-冯-斯塔亨伯格(Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg)的率领下,维也纳(当时是神圣罗马帝国皇帝 的居所)在大约 12 万人的围攻军队面前坚守了两个月。为了解围,神圣罗马帝国的军队首次与波兰-立陶宛的军队联合作战。威尼斯共和国教皇国也提供了进一步的支持。

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Erste Wiener Osmanenbelagerung/First Ottoman siege in Vienna

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Die Schlacht von Wien 1683
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从十六世纪初起,法国外交政策的核心之一就是联合奥斯曼帝国,来牵制身兼西班牙国王,神圣罗马帝国皇帝和奥地利国王三个王位的哈布斯堡家族。路易十四继承 了这一政策,不断鼓动土耳其人进攻奥地利,土耳其人却忙于内乱,无法响应。一直到1680年代初,奥地利统治下的匈牙利人造反,并向土耳其人求援,土耳其 苏丹穆罕默德四世认为时机已到,决定入侵奥地利。

土耳其近卫军在阿德里安堡集结后于1683年3月31日出发,穆罕默德四世带着他的整个朝廷和后宫(光宫女就装了一百辆大车),与军队一起开到贝尔格莱 德。更多的军队源源不断地从东西方各个省赶来,最后达到了24万之众,包括土耳其人,斯拉夫人,摩尔达维亚人和克里米亚的鞑靼人,另有7万托克力亲王 (Tokoly)指挥下的匈牙利叛军,这是自1529年苏莱曼一世率领30万人围攻维也纳之后欧洲基督徒所面对的最大威胁。当时只有法国陆军超过40万, 但路易十四显然不会为他的死敌哈布斯堡家族的命运担心,相反,一只法军被派往法德边境,对外宣称是防范土耳其人的威胁(法国和土耳其人之间隔着整个神圣罗 马帝国,直线距离超过800公里),但更可能是想在奥地利崩溃时和土耳其人分赃。

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