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国际驾驶执照（International Driving Permit）依照1949年日内瓦国际道路交通公约及1968年维也纳国际道路交通公约，由公约签署国政府签发，方便本国驾驶员在其他签约国驾驶私人车辆。国际驾驶执照为附加在一国驾驶执照之上的一本附加多国语言的说明，标注了驾驶人的基本信息以及允许驾驶的对应车辆种类等，解决驾驶员与其他国家的交通管理部门之间的沟通障碍。国际驾照不能独立存在，当驾驶员同时持有一国驾照与该国政府签发的国际驾照时，此国际驾照才视作有效。[1]
国际驾驶执照之内容及格式依照维也纳道路交通会议制订，但并非各国均批准该公约。
Ein Internationaler Führerschein ist ein Dokument, das von den Straßenverkehrsbehörden oder Automobilclubs[1] eines Landes aufgrund zwischenstaatlicher Verträge ausgestellt wird. Er soll vor allem der Polizei eines anderen Landes die Feststellung ermöglichen, ob ein ausländischer Kraftfahrer die Fahrerlaubnis hat, die für sein aktuelles Fahrzeug erforderlich ist.
An International Driver's Permit (IDP) allows you to drive a vehicle in another country, as long as you also have a valid driver's license issued by your state. It is also recognized as a proper form of identification in over 175 countries and by many major car rental companies internationally.
Getting an International Driver's Permit (sometimes incorrectly called an international driver's license) can take anywhere from a day to a few weeks, depending on whether you're going through walk-in processing or applying via mail, so make sure to plan ahead if you're planning to drive on your international trip. There are only two locations in the United States that issue these documents: The American Automobile Association (AAA) and the American Automobile Touring Alliance (AATA).
In the United States, International Driver Permits (IDPs) are only issued by the American Automobile Association and the American Automobile Touring Alliance, and the State Department recommends against purchasing an IDP from other outlets as they are all entirely illegal to buy, carry, or sell.
IDPs can be issued to anyone over 18 who has had a valid driver's license for six months or longer. They typically remain valid for one year or the expiration of your existing state driving license. It's essential to investigate an IDP before your trip and make sure you know the requirements.
Both AAA and AATA are excellent sources for these documents, so once you've selected a provider, go to either the AAA's or NAATA's website, print out the International Driving Permit Application, complete all applicable fields, and submit it.
Once you have the application completed, you can send it in via the mail or visit a local office of an organization like AAA; you'll also need two original passport-sized photos and a signed copy of your valid U.S. driver's license as well as an enclosed check for the fee.
Tips to Getting and Using Your Permit
AAA offices can process IDPs during your visit, but processing generally takes 10 to 15 business days if you send the application in. However, expedited services may be available to get your license within one or two business days for an additional fee.
When applying, you'll need a computer and printer, a completed application, a copy of your valid U.S. driver's license, two passport photos, and a check, money order, or credit card to complete the process. Remember to bring these with you if you're applying in person.
Always make sure to carry your valid United States driver's license when driving internationally, as your IDP is invalid without this accompanying proof of eligibility to drive. IDPs only translate domestically-accepted licenses and do not allow those without government-issued driver's licenses to drive abroad.
You'll also want to make sure to enclose the proper fees (the fee for the IDP, as well as any shipping and handling fees), photos, and photocopies of your license when submitting your application to AAA or AATA as omitting any of these required documents will result in your application being rejected.
You should also check the driving requirements and laws for the countries you will be driving in on your vacation, so you'll know what will be required in the event you get stopped by local authorities. (Quelle:https://www.tripsavvy.com/)
*U.S. foreign territories
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喀尔巴阡山脉（英语：Carpathians、捷克语：Karpaty、乌克兰语：Карпати、罗马尼亚语：Munții Carpați），绵延约1500公里，横跨中东欧，穿过捷克共和国、斯洛伐克、波兰、乌克兰和罗马尼亚，是次于斯堪的纳维亚山脉（1700km）的欧洲第二长的山脉。
Die Karpaten (früher: Karpathen; tschechisch, polnisch und slowakisch Karpaty, ukrainisch Карпати Karpaty, rumänisch Carpați, ungarisch Kárpátok, serbisch Карпати Karpati) sind ein Hochgebirge in Mitteleuropa, Osteuropa und Südosteuropa. Sie bilden einen über 1300 km langen, 100–350 km breiten, nach Westen offenen Bogen, der – einschließlich seiner Ausläufer – in der nördlichen Umfassung des Wiener Beckens beginnt und an den Flusstälern von Morava, Nišava und Timok im Osten Zentralserbiens endet. Die Karpaten bilden den nördlichsten Ausläufer des alpidischen Gebirgsgürtels. Als Teil dieses Faltengürtels setzen sie sich nach Westen in die Alpen und nach Südosten im Balkan- und Rhodopengebirge fort, während Dinariden und Apenninen südwestlich versetzt sind und annähernd parallel zu den Ostkarpaten verlaufen.
Das höchste Massiv der Karpaten ist die Hohe Tatra (mit dem Gerlachovský štít, 2655 m n.m., zugleich der höchste Berg der Slowakei). Gefolgt wird es vom Făgăraș-Massiv (Fogarascher Gebirge) in den Südkarpaten (mit der Moldoveanu-Spitze, 2544 m, höchster Berg Rumäniens). Neben den Alpen bilden die Karpaten das bestimmende Gebirgssystem in Mitteleuropa.
Insgesamt acht Staaten haben Anteil an den Karpaten. Die größten Anteile entfallen auf die Slowakei und Rumänien.
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