爆竹声中一岁除，春风送暖入屠苏。
千门万户曈曈日，总把新桃换旧符。
译文及注释
译文
爆竹声中旧的一年已经过去，迎着和暖的春风开怀畅饮屠苏酒。
初升的太阳照耀着千家万户，都把旧的桃符取下换上新的桃符。
注释
元日：农历正月初一，即春节。
爆竹：古人烧竹子时使竹子爆裂发出的响声。用来驱鬼避邪，后来演变成放鞭炮。一（yí）岁除：一年已尽，“一”字用在第四声（去声）字的前面时，“一”变调，读第二声（阳平）。除，逝去。
屠苏：亦作“屠酥”，“屠苏”本来是一种阔叶草，南方民间风俗，有的房屋上画了屠苏草作为装饰，这种房屋就叫做“屠苏”。另一种说法是指屠苏酒，饮屠苏酒也是古代过年时的一种习俗，大年初一全家合饮这种用屠苏草浸泡的酒，以驱邪避瘟疫，求得长寿。
千门万户：形容门户众多，人口稠密。
曈曈：日出时光亮而温暖的样子。
桃：桃符，古代一种风俗，农历正月初一时人们用桃木板写上神荼、郁垒两位神灵的名字，悬挂在门旁，用来压邪。也作春联。
温从水从昷，昷，送食于囚，适度增加。本意为：适度增加水温，暖水。引申为：适中的温度。古昷、温同。
良从富从亡，亡为隐藏、看不到。本意为：隐藏着的家室充盈，才能充分之意。若“发虑宪求善良”，求的不是我们现在概念的“善良”之人，而是有治国之才与执事之能的善人与良人。
恭《尔雅》：恭，敬也。按：先秦时期恭、敬就是现今礼节、礼貌的概念。恭受礼所节制，以现今的概念就是礼也得按规定而行，不足不恭，恭过则谄。
俭从人从佥。佥为两边、两面。本意为：前后一致。凡从佥的字皆有佥之两面之意。若剑即为两面一致的刀；捡即为以手提起使其两面可见；检即为查木之内外等。
让从言从襄。襄为埋种扣合使二为一，增实于其内也。因此谥法云：辟地有德曰襄。本意为：相责以推贤。《说文》：相责，让也。《国语·晋语》让，推贤也。
温良恭俭让：处事得当、才能卓著、遵纪守礼、表里如一、学识丰富于国有利。
民逐利，以利驱之，君亦人也，闻政以利国而求之，夫子之求之也，其诸异乎人之求之与。
(Quelle:www.chinakongzi.org)
Dominio de Pingus is a Spanish winery located in Quintanilla de Onésimo in Valladolid province with vineyards in La Horra area of the Ribera del Duero region. The estate's flagship wine, Pingus, is considered a "cult wine", sold at extremely high prices while remaining very inaccessible,[1][2] and commands an average price of $811 per bottle.[3]
The winery also produces a second wine, Flor de Pingus, and a special cuvée, Ribera del Duero "Amelia". Recently, Dominio de Pingus has founded a joint project with local grape producers to make an old vine tempranillo called "PSI".
Dominio de Pingus was established in 1995 by Danish oenologist Peter Sisseck, also manager of the Pesquera de Duero estate Hacienda Monasterio.[4] On the estate's winemaking philosophies, Sisseck has stated, "The vines in my plots are very old. They have never been fertilised nor treated with pesticides and all grow following the traditional en vaso system. They are perfect."[4]
About the first 1995 vintage of Pingus, Robert Parker declared, "One of the greatest and most exciting wines I have ever tasted".[5] With a very limited first vintage production, only 325 cases were made with prices initially set at US$200 per bottle, it became yet more scarce when in November 1997 the ship transporting a U.S. bound shipment of 75 cases disappeared somewhere off the Azores in the North Atlantic Ocean.[6] The shipwreck resulted in a dramatic reaction in the US market, with prices soon rising to $495 per bottle.[5][6]
At the Ronda WineCreator conference of April 2008, Sisseck was angered by suggestions by Decanter editor Guy Woodward that some winemakers make wines to suit the palates of certain critics. In response he called Woodward's remarks arrogant for implying winemakers do not have their own opinions, adding, "I don't even think it is possible to do this."[7]
In 2007 it was announced that the Spanish government had approved plans to expand highway roads through the vineyards of Dominio de Pingus and other wineries, which was met with strong opposition by Sisseck who called it a "vengeful measure".[8]
Planted with very old vines of Tinto Fino, i.e. Tempranillo, the vineyards are 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres) in Barrosso with vines exceeding 65 years and 1.5 hectares (3.7 acres) in San Cristobal with vines older than 70 years, and the unusually low average yield of 12 hL per hectare. Since 2000, the viticulture has been biodynamic. Of the annual production of Pingus there is typically less than 500 cases, though in poor vintages no Pingus is made.
The production of the second wine Flor de Pingus, also 100% Tempranillo, is made with fruit from rented vineyards in the La Horra zone, with vines older than 35 years. Since the 2005 vintage, the viticulture has been biodynamic. The annual production is on average 4,000 cases.
Additionally there has been the single barrel cuvée, Ribera del Duero "Amelia", made from a vineyard parcel of 100+ year old vines with an average yield of 10 hL per hectare, with biodynamic viticulture since its initial 2003 vintage. The 2005 vintage had a production of 25 cases.
"PSI" is a joint project based on fruit produced by local grape growers from old tempranillo vines. The goal is to help grape producers and save old vines. Project was founded in 2006, first vintage was 2007. Grape growers are encouraged to employ biodynamic or organic vineyard management practices. The wine is made by Peter Sisseck and Pablo Rubio and sold under producer name Bodegas y Viñedos Alnardo. Vinification takes place in large concrete vats and aging in concrete and wooden tanks and oak barrels. Production of PSI 2009 was 9,600 cases, PSI 2010 was 16,600 cases.
