Dominio de Pingus is a Spanish winery located in Quintanilla de Onésimo in Valladolid province with vineyards in La Horra area of the Ribera del Duero region. The estate's flagship wine, Pingus, is considered a "cult wine", sold at extremely high prices while remaining very inaccessible,[1][2] and commands an average price of $811 per bottle.[3]
The winery also produces a second wine, Flor de Pingus, and a special cuvée, Ribera del Duero "Amelia". Recently, Dominio de Pingus has founded a joint project with local grape producers to make an old vine tempranillo called "PSI".
Dominio de Pingus was established in 1995 by Danish oenologist Peter Sisseck, also manager of the Pesquera de Duero estate Hacienda Monasterio.[4] On the estate's winemaking philosophies, Sisseck has stated, "The vines in my plots are very old. They have never been fertilised nor treated with pesticides and all grow following the traditional en vaso system. They are perfect."[4]
About the first 1995 vintage of Pingus, Robert Parker declared, "One of the greatest and most exciting wines I have ever tasted".[5] With a very limited first vintage production, only 325 cases were made with prices initially set at US$200 per bottle, it became yet more scarce when in November 1997 the ship transporting a U.S. bound shipment of 75 cases disappeared somewhere off the Azores in the North Atlantic Ocean.[6] The shipwreck resulted in a dramatic reaction in the US market, with prices soon rising to $495 per bottle.[5][6]
At the Ronda WineCreator conference of April 2008, Sisseck was angered by suggestions by Decanter editor Guy Woodward that some winemakers make wines to suit the palates of certain critics. In response he called Woodward's remarks arrogant for implying winemakers do not have their own opinions, adding, "I don't even think it is possible to do this."[7]
In 2007 it was announced that the Spanish government had approved plans to expand highway roads through the vineyards of Dominio de Pingus and other wineries, which was met with strong opposition by Sisseck who called it a "vengeful measure".[8]
Planted with very old vines of Tinto Fino, i.e. Tempranillo, the vineyards are 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres) in Barrosso with vines exceeding 65 years and 1.5 hectares (3.7 acres) in San Cristobal with vines older than 70 years, and the unusually low average yield of 12 hL per hectare. Since 2000, the viticulture has been biodynamic. Of the annual production of Pingus there is typically less than 500 cases, though in poor vintages no Pingus is made.
The production of the second wine Flor de Pingus, also 100% Tempranillo, is made with fruit from rented vineyards in the La Horra zone, with vines older than 35 years. Since the 2005 vintage, the viticulture has been biodynamic. The annual production is on average 4,000 cases.
Additionally there has been the single barrel cuvée, Ribera del Duero "Amelia", made from a vineyard parcel of 100+ year old vines with an average yield of 10 hL per hectare, with biodynamic viticulture since its initial 2003 vintage. The 2005 vintage had a production of 25 cases.
"PSI" is a joint project based on fruit produced by local grape growers from old tempranillo vines. The goal is to help grape producers and save old vines. Project was founded in 2006, first vintage was 2007. Grape growers are encouraged to employ biodynamic or organic vineyard management practices. The wine is made by Peter Sisseck and Pablo Rubio and sold under producer name Bodegas y Viñedos Alnardo. Vinification takes place in large concrete vats and aging in concrete and wooden tanks and oak barrels. Production of PSI 2009 was 9,600 cases, PSI 2010 was 16,600 cases.
源自一八一六年法国复辟王朝的决策，巴黎美术学院矗立在巴黎市左岸的圣日尔曼德佩区，整个学院有如堆叠交错的建筑史拼图，一砖一石都像引人去解开其谜团的拼块。费里克斯·杜班（Felix Duban）将法国文艺复兴的建筑残片，植入盈满古典及现代意大利风的美术学院，建构出一个浪漫主义的理想之城；借由混搭不同时代的建筑，引人走入历史梦幻的诗意美学。
美术学院的历史可追溯至1648年建立的王家绘画雕塑院，该学院由马萨林创建，由勒布朗担任院长。其设素描、油画、雕塑、版画、建筑等课程。
Aix-en-Provence: 埃克斯高等艺术学院 École supérieure d’art d’Aix-en-Provence
Amiens: 亚眠高等艺术与设计学院 École supérieure d’art et de design d’Amiens
Angers: 土尔 | 昂热 | 勒芒高等美术学院（昂热校区） École supérieure des beaux-arts Tours Angers Le Mans | site Angers
Angoulême: 欧洲高等图像学院（昂古莱姆校区） École européenne supérieure de l’image | Site Angoulême
Annecy: 安纳西高等艺术学院 École supérieure d’art de l’agglomération d’Annecy
Arles: 阿尔勒国立高等摄影学院 École National Supérieure de la Photographie
Avignon: 阿维尼翁高等艺术学院 École supérieure d’art d’Avignon
Besançon: 贝桑松 | 弗朗什-孔泰高等美术学院 Institut supérieur des beaux-arts de Besançon / Franche-Comté
Biarritz: Rocailles 高等艺术学院 École supérieure d’art des Rocailles
Bordeaux: 波尔多高等艺术学院 École d’enseignement supérieur d’art de Bordeaux
Bourges: 布尔日国立高等艺术学院 École nationale supérieure d’art de Bourges
Brest: 布列塔尼欧洲高等艺术学院（布雷斯特校区） École européenne supérieure d’art de Bretagne | site Brest
Caen: 卡昂 | 瑟堡高等艺术与媒体学院（卡昂校区） École supérieure d’arts & médias de Caen-Cherbourg | Site Caen
Cambrai: 康布雷高等艺术学院 École supérieure d’art de Cambrai
Cergy: 巴黎塞尔吉高等艺术学院 École nationale supérieure d’arts Paris-Cergy
Chalon-sur-Saône: Fructidor媒体艺术学院 École média art | Fructidor – e | m | a | fructidor
Cherbourg: 卡昂 | 瑟堡艺术与媒体（瑟堡校区） École supérieure d’arts & médias de Caen-Cherbourg | Site Cherbourg
Clermont-Ferrand: 克莱蒙费朗高等艺术学院 École Supérieure d’Art de Clermont Métropole
Dijon: 第戎国立高等艺术学院 École nationale supérieure d’art de Dijon
Dunkerque: 北部-加来海峡高等艺术学院（敦刻尔克校区） École Supérieure d’Art du Nord-Pas de Calais/Dunkerque-Tourcoing | site Dunkerque
Épinal: 洛林高等艺术学院（埃皮纳勒校区） École supérieure d’art de Lorraine | site Épinal
Fort-de-France: 马提尼克岛图形艺术区立学院（海外省） Institut régional d’art visuel de Martinique
Grenoble: 格勒诺布尔 | 瓦朗斯设计与艺术学院（格勒诺布尔） École Supérieure d’Art et Design •Grenoble •Valence | site ÉSAD • Grenoble
Le Havre: 勒阿弗尔 | 鲁昂高等艺术与设计学院（勒阿弗尔校区） École supérieure d’art et design Le Havre Rouen | site Le Havre
Le Mans: 土尔 | 昂热 | 勒芒高等美术学院（勒芒校区） École supérieure des beaux-arts Tours Angers Le Mans | site Le Mans
Le Port: 留尼汪高等艺术学院（海外省） École supérieure d’art de La Réunion
Limoges: 利摩日国立高等艺术学院 École nationale supérieure d’art de Limoges
Lorient: 布列塔尼欧洲高等艺术学院（洛里昂校区） École européenne supérieure d’art de Bretagne | site Lorient
Lyon: 里昂国立高等美术学院 École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts de Lyon
Marseille: 马赛地中海高等艺术与设计学院 École supérieure d’art et de design de Marseille-Méditerranée
Metz: 洛林高等艺术学院（梅兹校区） École supérieure d’art de Lorraine | site Metz
Monaco: 摩纳哥高等造型艺术学院 Pavillon Bosio – École supérieure d’arts plastiques de la ville de Monaco
Montpellier: 蒙彼利埃高等美术学院 École supérieure des beaux-arts de Montpellier Agglomération
Mulhouse: 莱茵高等艺术学院（米卢斯校区） Haute école des arts du Rhin | site Le Quai Mulhouse
Nancy: 南希国立高等艺术学院 École nationale supérieure d’art de Nancy
Nantes: 南特高等美术学院 École supérieure des beaux-arts de Nantes Métropole
Nice: 尼斯国立高等艺术学院 École nationale supérieure d’art de Nice – Villa Arson
Nîmes: 尼姆高等美术学院 École supérieure des beaux-arts de Nîmes
Orléans: 奥尔良高等艺术与设计学院 École supérieure d’art et de design d’Orléans
Paris: 巴黎国立高等美术学院 École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts
巴黎国立高等装饰艺术学院 École Nationale des Arts Décoratifs
巴黎国立高等工业设计学院 École Nationale Supérieure de Création Industrielle
巴黎国立高等国像与音响技术学院 La Femis
Pau: 比利牛斯山高等艺术学院（波城校区） École supérieure d’art des Pyrénées — Pau Tarbes | site Pau
Perpignan: 佩皮尼昂高等艺术学院 Haute école d’art Perpignan
Poitiers: 欧洲高等图像学院（普瓦捷校区） École européenne supérieure de l’image | Site Poitiers
Quimper: 布列塔尼欧洲高等艺术学院（坎佩尔校区） École européenne supérieure d’art de Bretagne | site Quimper
Reims: 兰斯高等艺术与设计学院 École supérieure d’art et de design de Reims
Rennes: 布列塔尼欧洲高等艺术学院（雷恩校区） École européenne supérieure d’art de Bretagne | site Rennes
Rouen: 勒阿弗尔 | 鲁昂高等艺术与设计学院（鲁昂校区） École supérieure d’art et design Le Havre Rouen | site Rouen
Saint-Étienne: 圣艾蒂安高等艺术与设计学院 École supérieure d’art et design de Saint-Étienne
Strasbourg: 莱茵高等艺术学院（斯特拉斯堡校区） Haute école des arts du Rhin | site ESAD Strasbourg
Tarbes: 比利牛斯山高等艺术学院（塔布校区） École supérieure d’art des Pyrénées — Pau Tarbes | site Tarbes
Toulon: 土伦高等艺术学院 École supérieure d’art Toulon-Provence-Méditerranée
Toulouse: 图卢兹高等艺术学院 Institut supérieur des arts de Toulouse
Tourcoing: 国立当代视听艺术创作中心和高等艺术研究院 Le Fresnoy – Studio national des arts contemporains
Tourcoing: 北部-加来海峡高等艺术学院（图尔宽校区） École Supérieure d’Art du Nord-Pas de Calais/Dunkerque-Tourcoing | site Tourcoing
Tours: 土尔 | 昂热 | 勒芒高等美术学院（土尔校区） École supérieure des beaux-arts Tours Angers Le Mans | site Tours
Valence: 格勒诺布尔 | 瓦朗斯设计与艺术学院（瓦朗斯校区） École Supérieure d’Art et Design •Grenoble •Valence | site ÉSAD •Valence
Valenciennes: 瓦朗谢讷高等艺术与设计学院 École supérieure d’art et de design de Valenciennes
Torino (AFI: /toˈrino/[5], ascolta[?·info]; Turin in piemontese [tyˈriŋ], ascolta[?·info] [6]) è un comune italiano di 852 223 abitanti (al 30 settembre 2021)[2], quarto comune italiano per popolazione e capoluogo dell'omonima città metropolitana e della regione Piemonte. Cuore di un'area metropolitana, Torino è il terzo complesso economico-produttivo del Paese e costituisce uno dei maggiori poli universitari, artistici, turistici, scientifici e culturali d'Italia. Nel suo territorio sono inoltre presenti aree ed edifici inclusi in due beni protetti dall'UNESCO: alcuni palazzi e zone facenti parte del circuito di residenze sabaude in Piemonte (patrimonio dell'umanità[7]) e l'area delle colline del Po (riserva della biosfera).
Città dalla storia bimillenaria, fu fondata probabilmente nei pressi della posizione attuale, attorno al III secolo a.C., dai Taurini, quindi trasformata in colonia romana da Augusto col nome di Iulia Augusta Taurinorum nel I secolo a.C.. Dopo il dominio ostrogoto, fu capitale di un importante ducato longobardo, per poi passare, dopo essere divenuta capitale di marca carolingia, sotto la signoria nominale dei Savoia nell'XI secolo. Città dell'omonimo ducato, nel 1563 ne divenne capitale. Dal 1720 fu capitale del Regno di Sardegna (anche se solo de facto fino alla fusione perfetta del 1847, quando lo divenne anche formalmente),[8] Stato che nel XIX secolo avrebbe portato all'unificazione italiana e che fece di Torino la prima capitale del Regno d'Italia (dal 1861 al 1865).
Sede nel 2006 dei XX Giochi olimpici invernali, nel 2022 della 66ª edizione dell'Eurovision Song Contest[9], città natale di alcuni fra i maggiori simboli del Made in Italy nel mondo, come il Vermut, il cioccolato gianduja e il caffè espresso, è il fulcro dell'industria automobilistica italiana, nonché importante centro dell'editoria, del sistema bancario e assicurativo, delle tecnologie dell'informazione, del cinema, dell'enogastronomia, del settore aerospaziale, del disegno industriale, dello sport e della moda.
